Floods

Quick overview

A few facts on floods

Floods are one of the most common natural disasters. Global warming and other human activities increase the frequency and impact of floods around the world. Flood sizes differ significantly, from local floods which concern smaller areas to larger ones affecting several countries.

Floods can have different origins, from heavy rains and lake or river overflows to tsunamis. Depending on the cause, they can develop very quickly (for instance in the case of a tsunami) or slowly, as is the case when a river overflows. Floods usually affect coastal areas or areas which are next to a waterway, even those of small dimensions.

Preventive measures

If you are visiting a floodplain, there are a number of precautions you should take. First of all, prepare an evacuation strategy regarding how to reach higher ground, and ask locals which areas are at risk of flooding. You should also get information on how flood alerts are delivered and how to respond to them.

How to respond?

If you are indoors during the flood

Monitor local media and be ready to leave the premises in case you receive an evacuation order. If you suspect that a flash flood is occurring, try to reach higher ground as soon as possible. Turn off electricity, gas and all utilities, and avoid touching electrical devices as there is a risk of electrocution. If you have enough time, move important items to an upper floor.

If the flood comes without warning when you are inside a building and you cannot get out, go to the highest floors of the building or even on the roof if necessary.

If you are outdoors during the flood

If you are outside, go to a higher point. Remember that walking in moving water is dangerous. If possible, try to walk in still water, using a stick to check the ground. Beware: 6 inches of moving water is enough to make you fall. If you are in a car or any other moving vehicle, be cautious on flooded streets, they might hide changes in the road and potholes.

After the flood

Wait for communication from authorities before returning to your accommodation. If possible, do not venture into a flooded zone; if it is absolutely necessary, wear rubber boots to avoid possible electrical shock.

If you are in a car or any other moving vehicle, watch out for roads where floodwaters have receded, as they might be weakened and could collapse. Disinfect all items that were submerged, as flood water can contain sewage and chemicals. Wash carefully all the parts of your body that came into contact with floodwater. Do not eat food that came into contact with floodwater.